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意境,是我国古典美学的一个重要范畴。历代美学家对它进行了精心的探求,从戏曲舞台美术的角度来说,我认为,意境则是在有限的舞台美术的物象之中,含蕴着的一种无限的表现造化自然的气韵生动的图景,能够触发观众产生一种深邃无限的人生感、历史感和宇宙感的艺术境界。由于舞台美术既具有独立性,更具有依附性的特点,它的特定含义固然可以在舞美物象中得到某种程度的体现,但它的全部内涵,则必须在整个舞台表演系统中才能得到展示。对于意境这种深层的精妙的艺术境界的建构,更需要舞台美术的物象与演员的表演、音乐的伴奏,以及整个舞台调度等诸多因素的协调配合,相互辉映,融汇成一个有机的舞台表演整体。同时,这种艺术境界的创现,不能仅仅停留在舞台上,它必须幻化于观众的心灵之中。它是创作主体与审美主体在剧场共同创造的结果。因此,舞台艺术意境的创构经历了一个取境、状境和创境的过程。如何将舞台美术由仅仅是标明故事发生的时间、地点,勾勒人物身份,渲染剧情氛围的具体物象,升华成为具有深遽高妙的美学旨趣的意境,是当前戏曲舞美创新的重要课题。不少舞美创作者正在孜孜矻矻地寻求通往这种最高审美理想的艺术途径。
Artistic conception is an important category of classical aesthetics in our country. From the perspectives of opera stage art, I think the artistic conception is an infinite manifestation of the boundless beauty of the stage in the images of limited stage art. Scene, can trigger the audience to produce a profound and infinite sense of life, the sense of history and sense of the universe of art. Because the stage art is both independent and more dependent, its specific meaning can be reflected to some extent in the imagery of dance and beauty. However, its entire connotation must be displayed in the entire stage performance system. For the construction of artistic subtle artistic realm such as mood, it is more necessary to coordinate the image of stage art with the performance of performers, accompaniment of music, and the entire stage scheduling and other factors, embracing each other into an organic stage performance overall. At the same time, the creation of this artistic realm can not stop at the stage, it must be turned into the mind of the audience. It is the result of co-creation between the creative subject and the aesthetic body in the theater. Therefore, the creation of stage artistic conception has undergone a process of obtaining territory, state and environment. How to sublimate the stage art from a mere sense of time, place, and identity that depict the identity of the story and render the atmosphere of the storyline into an artistic conception of deep and subtle beauty is an important issue in the current stage of opera’s aesthetic innovation. Many choreographers are working diligently to find the art path to this supreme aesthetic ideal.