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康熙二十八年(1689年)中俄签订之《尼布楚条约》,正式划定了中俄东段边界以外兴安岭(即斯塔诺夫山脉)格尔必齐河和额尔古纳河为界。为了加强边防,清朝政府采取了立界碑、巡边及雍正初年设边境卡伦等措施,从而形成中国北部边防边境道路。关于格尔必齐河口立有界碑、额尔古纳河口石壁上鎸刻《尼布楚条约》五体文字及巡察外兴安岭以南黑龙江以北边境的历史情况,一些学者已有专题论述,本文不再赘叙,仅就中国北部边境卡伦之设置及边防卡伦路之形成略述于下。
The 28th year of Kangxi (1689) The Treaty of Nibuchu signed by China and Russia formally delineated the Gorbachev and Ergun rivers outside the border between China and Russia in the Xingan Mountains (ie, the Mount Stanov) For the world. In order to strengthen the frontier defense, the Qing government took the steps of establishing the boundary monument, inspecting the border and establishing the border Karen in the early Yongzheng so as to form a border road in northern China. Some scholars have given a thematic account of the history of the Bordeaux Boundary Bordeaux Monument, the five-body writing of the Nerchinsk Treaty on the stone walls of the Ergun estuary and the patrolling of the border to the north of Heilongjiang south of the Anling Mountains. No more recapitulation, only the setting of Karen on the northern border of China and the formation of frontier Karen Road are briefly described below.