作家的理论主张与作品实际往往不一致。在批评方法上 ,如果仅仅以作家的理论主张阐释其作品 ,或在作品中寻找一些例证印证作者的理论 ,势必造成某些误读 ,忽略了创作主体与创作过程之间的复杂性。汪曾祺对小说创作的审美主张是“真实”与“和谐” ,实际上其作品在大量“真实”的背后 ,还有长期被掩盖的“失真” ,在被认为“和谐”的旋律中 ,还有不和谐的音符 The author’s theory is often not consistent with the actual work. In the method of criticism, if we only interpret the works by the author’s theory, or find some examples to prove the author in the works, some misunderstandings are bound to be ignored and the complexity between the subject of creation and the creative process is neglected. Wang Zengqi’s aesthetic ideas on novel creation are “real” and “harmonious”. In fact, his works are behind a large number of “real” and long-term disguised “distortion”. Among the melodies considered “harmonious”, there are Disharmony notes