目的:对2011年呼和浩特市重症手足口发病情况进行流行病学分析,为卫生部门制定手足口病防治措施提供科学依据。方法:对2011年6~11月间本市各大医院确诊的重症手足口病患儿进行流行病调查。结果:2011年呼和浩特市重症手足口病68例,病原体以肠道病毒EV71占优势(73.52%),肛拭子肠道病毒EV71检出率高于咽拭子(P<0.05);重症发病集中在秋冬季节,以9~11月份为高峰期;发病人群中男孩多于女孩,性别比为1.96∶1;发病年龄为5月~20岁,其中1~4岁儿童最多见,占91.17%;发病地区分布于4区3县,城区(80.88%)高于远郊旗县(13.24%)。结论:呼和浩特市重症手足口病例以EV71感染为主,应加强病原学监测,加强流行季节与重点人群的监测和防控工作,减少重症及死亡病例的发生。 OBJECTIVE: To carry out an epidemiological analysis of the incidence of severe hand-foot-mouth in Hohhot in 2011, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control measures of hand-foot-mouth disease in the health department. Methods: An epidemiological investigation was conducted on children with severe hand-foot-mouth disease diagnosed in major hospitals of our city from June to November in 2011. Results: In 2011, 68 cases of severe HFMD in Hohhot were detected. The prevalence of enterovirus EV71 was 73.52%, and that of EV71 was higher than that of throat swab (P <0.05) In the autumn and winter seasons, the peak was from September to November. The incidence of the disease was more than that of the girls in boys and girls, the sex ratio was 1.96:1. The age of onset was from May to 20 years, of which children aged 1 to 4 were the most common, accounting for 91.17% of the total. The incidence areas are distributed in 4 districts and 3 counties, with urban areas (80.88%) higher than those in Yuanjiao County (13.24%). Conclusions: EV71 infection is the major case of HFMD in Hohhot. Etiological surveillance should be strengthened to enhance the monitoring and prevention and control of epidemic seasons and key populations, and to reduce the incidence of severe and fatal cases.