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从理论角度研究了利用高斯光束照射远场目标时 ,激光散斑的统计特性 .导出了散射光场的自相关函数和光强度的二阶矩的解析表达式 ,计算了激光散斑的面积 .研究表明 :在接收面上 ,光强的分布与目标表面高度的相关长度和均方根高度密切相关 ,激光散斑面积和散斑光强的相关系数只与激光束腰的尺度有关 ,与目标的均方根高度和相关长度无关 .
The statistical properties of the laser speckle when the far-field target is irradiated by a Gaussian beam are studied theoretically.The analytical expression of the second-order moment of the light field and the auto-correlation function of the light field are derived and the area of the laser speckle is calculated. The results show that the distribution of light intensity is closely related to the correlation length and rms height of the target surface on the receiving surface. The correlation coefficient between the laser speckle area and the speckle intensity is only related to the size of the laser beam waist, Root mean square height has nothing to do with the relevant length.