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目的解剖观测胎肝门静脉、肝固有动脉、胆总管十二指肠上段、脐静脉及静脉导管，为临床辅助性胎肝移植提供解剖学资料。方法选择５６例经福尔马林固定的正常胎儿，解剖显露门静脉、肝固有动脉、胆总管十二指肠上段、脐静脉、静脉导管，测其长度和压扁外径。结果脐静脉、门静脉、肝固有动脉、胆总管十二指肠上段、静脉导管长度分别为４５．２±９．２ｍｍ、２０．１±３．３ｍｍ、１６．３±２．８ｍｍ、１７．２±３．１ｍｍ、１３．１±２．５ｍｍ；直径分别为３．４±０．５ｍｍ、３．０±０．４ｍｍ、１．８±０．２ｍｍ、１．８±０．２ｍｍ、３．０±０．３ｍｍ。结论胎肝血供丰富，在供血管道中以脐静脉最粗，门静脉次之，肝固有动脉最细。因此，在辅助性胎肝移植时可选用脐静脉代替门静脉，以门静脉替代肝固有动脉。同时，在胎肝移植前，应结扎静脉导管，以保证肝脏足够的血供。
Objective To dissect the fetal hepatic portal vein, the hepatic artery, the common bile duct upper duodenum, the umbilical vein and the venous catheter for the purpose of providing anatomic data for clinically assisted fetal liver transplantation. Methods Fifty-six formalin-fixed fetuses were selected and the portal vein, hepatic artery, upper common duodenum, umbilical vein and venous catheter of common bile duct were dissected and their length and crush diameter were measured. Results The lengths of umbilical vein, portal vein, hepatic artery and upper common duodenum of common bile duct were 45.2 ± 9.2mm, 20.1 ± 3.3mm, 16.3 ± 2.8mm, 17.2 ± 3.1mm, 13.1 ± 2.5mm; diameter of 3.4 ± 0.5mm, 3.0 ± 0.4mm, 1.8 ± 0.2mm, 1.8 ± 0.2mm, 0 ± 0.3mm. Conclusions Fetal liver blood supply is plentiful. In umbilical cord blood supply, umbilical vein is the thickest, followed by portal vein and hepatic artery. Therefore, in the ancillary fetal liver transplantation can be replaced by umbilical vein instead of portal vein, portal vein to replace the inherent hepatic artery. At the same time, before fetal liver transplantation, intravenous catheters should be ligation to ensure adequate blood supply to the liver.