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目的了解南京市2009-2014年新生儿死亡状况,为进一步降低新生儿死亡率提供科学依据。方法收集南京市2009-2014年5岁以下儿童死亡监测网中的新生儿死亡数据以及新生儿死亡评审资料进行分析。结果 2009-2014年南京市新生儿死亡率为2.92‰,其中早期新生儿死亡率2.12‰,占所有新生儿死亡的72.71%。新生儿死亡率呈逐年下降趋势(χ2=26.725,P<0.001),男童新生儿死亡率(3.29‰)高于女童(2.49‰)。2009-2014年南京市新生儿死亡疾病前5位主要病种依次为早产低出生体重,出生窒息,其他先天异常,其他新生儿病,先天性心脏病,其中早产低出生体重(χ2=44.873,P<0.001)、出生窒息(χ2=20.610,P<0.01)的死因别死亡率呈下降趋势。6年间南京市区县级新生儿死亡评审共260例,市级复评审72例,诊断不相符的占31.94%。结论减少早期新生儿死亡,加强新生儿主要死因的预防与控制,进一步完善新生儿死亡评审工作,以最大限度降低新生儿死亡率。
Objective To understand the neonatal death in 2009-2014 in Nanjing and provide a scientific basis for further reducing neonatal mortality. Methods The neonatal death data and the neonatal death assessment data from Nanjing Children’s Under-5s Surveillance Network from 2009 to 2014 were collected for analysis. Results The neonatal mortality rate in Nanjing was 2.92 ‰ between 2009 and 2014, of which 2.12 ‰ in early neonatal mortality rate accounted for 72.71% of all neonatal deaths. The neonatal mortality rate showed a declining trend year by year (χ2 = 26.725, P <0.001). The neonatal mortality rate (3.29 ‰) in boys was higher than that in girls (2.49 ‰). The five major diseases of neonatal death in 2009-2014 in Nanjing were premature birth, low birth weight, birth asphyxia, other congenital anomalies, other neonatal diseases and congenital heart disease. Among them, the preterm low birth weight (χ2 = 44.873, P <.001). Mortality rates at birth with asphyxia (χ2 = 20.610, P <0.01) showed a decreasing trend. In the 6 years, there were 260 cases of neonatal deaths in Nanjing district and 72 cases of municipal re-evaluation, accounting for 31.94%. Conclusions Reduce the death of early neonates, strengthen the prevention and control of neonatal major causes of death, and further improve the assessment of neonatal deaths in order to minimize the neonatal mortality rate.