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目的了解山东省青岛市、泰安市、烟台市3~4年级小学生闲暇时锻炼、静态活动状况及影响因素。方法采取随机整群抽样的方法抽取青岛市、烟台市和泰安市2283名3~4年级小学生,采用自制问卷(包括基本情况、闲暇时参与锻炼情况、静态活动情况等)进行调查。采用Logistic模型分析不同城市、性别、对自身体重认识、对自身外形满意度、家长是否参与锻炼/静态活动时间是否过长等对小学生闲暇锻炼和静态活动的影响。结果三城市调查前一周闲暇时小学生锻炼参与率为65.9%,锻炼人群中中高强度锻炼天数为4天,平均每天锻炼时间为30 min。小学生闲暇时是否参与锻炼与地区、性别、对自身外形满意度、家长是否参与锻炼有关。闲暇时平均每天静态活动时间为0.9 h,平均每天静态活动时间2 h及以上的小学生占13.6%。小学生闲暇时静态活动时间过长与其对自身体重认识、家长静态活动时间过长有关。结论应同时加强小学生和家长的身体活动干预,进一步改善小学生的身体活动现状。
Objective To understand the leisure time exercises, the static activities and the influencing factors of Grade 3 ~ 4 pupils in Qingdao, Tai’an and Yantai of Shandong Province. Methods Totally 2283 grade 3 ~ 4 grade primary school students in Qingdao, Yantai and Tai’an were sampled by random cluster sampling method and were investigated by self-made questionnaire (including basic information, leisure time participation and exercise, and static activity). Logistic model was used to analyze the impact of different cities, gender, awareness of body weight, satisfaction with their own shape, whether parental participation in exercise / static activity is too long, etc., on the leisure activities and static activities of pupils. Results The participation rate of primary school students during their leisure time in the three cities surveyed was 65.9% during the week prior to the survey. The number of moderate-high-intensity exercises in exercise groups was 4 days and the average daily exercise time was 30 minutes. Whether the primary schoolchildren participate in exercise in their leisure time is related to the region, gender, satisfaction with their own shape and whether parents are involved in exercise. In the leisure time, the average daily static activity time is 0.9 h, and the average daily static activity time is 2 h and above 13.6%. The static activity time of the primary schoolchildren in leisure time is too long to relate to the cognition of their own weight and the long time of the parents’ static activity. Conclusions Physiological activities of pupils and parents should be stepped up to further improve the physical activity of pupils.