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目的提高食品的卫生质量、保证消费者饮食安全,介绍食品沙门氏菌的传统检验内容以及新技术检验方法,指出食品微生物检验技术将向高效率、高标准、高精度和高灵敏度的方向发展。方法在总结食品中沙门氏菌常规检验—培养法、抗体检验法和以核酸为基础的检验方法的基础上,分析了几种食品中沙门氏菌快速检验的方法—试纸快速检验法、显色培养基快速检验法、PCR法快速检验、荧光定量RT-PCR检测法、免疫技术快速检测法和变性高效液相色谱检测法。结果食品中沙门氏菌快速检验现已取得一定的进展,研究出一些经济、方便、快捷而敏感的检验方法;新技术成功构建了沙门氏菌重组质粒标准品和沙门氏菌实时荧光定量PCR方法;通过特异性、敏感性、稳定性和重复性验证,表明具有较好的特异性、敏感性、稳定性和重复性,将模拟标本与分离培养对比,二者符合率为100%;建立的LAMP方法对培养的沙门氏菌的检测灵敏度为5 cfu/ml,对污染食品中沙门氏菌的检测灵敏度为9 cfu/ml,60 min内即可完成检测。结论尽管目前快速检验食品中的沙门氏菌的几种方法各有优势,但随着科学技术的发展和技术进步,我们仍将期待更全面、更完善、检验时间更短的新方法诞生。
Objective To improve the hygienic quality of food, ensure the safety of consumers’ diet, introduce the traditional inspection content of food salmonella and the new technique test method, and point out that the food microbiological testing technology will develop towards high efficiency, high standard, high precision and high sensitivity. Methods Based on the summary of Salmonella routine test-culture method, antibody test method and nucleic acid-based test method in food, the rapid test methods of salmonella in several foodstuffs were analyzed-rapid test strip test, rapid test of color medium Method, rapid test by PCR method, real-time quantitative RT-PCR assay, rapid immunoassay assay and denaturing high performance liquid chromatography. Results Salmonella rapid test in food has made some progress, and some economical, convenient, fast and sensitive test methods have been developed. The new technology has successfully constructed Salmonella recombinant plasmid standard and Salmonella real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method. Through the specific and sensitive The stability, reproducibility and reproducibility showed that the method had good specificity, sensitivity, stability and repeatability. The coincidence rate between the simulated and isolates was 100%. The LAMP method was used to detect Salmonella Of the detection sensitivity of 5 cfu / ml, the detection sensitivity of contaminated food Salmonella 9 cfu / ml within 60 min to complete the test. Conclusions Although several methods to rapidly test for Salmonella in food each have their own advantages, we will still be looking forward to the birth of a new, more comprehensive, improved and shorter-testing method with the advancement of science and technology and technological advances.