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海水温度是海洋动力学以及海洋与大气相互作用中起关键作用的基本参数,是研究海洋现象时最重要的依据。为了实现两点海水温度的同时测量,构建了由两段椭圆高双折射光纤萨尼亚克(Sagnac)环形腔的理论模型,利用琼斯矩阵方程对该结构进行理论上的推导,获得了该模型的透射光谱,并得到了透射光谱与该结构各个部分参数的关系。通过Matlab编程进行模型的数值模拟,研究该结构两段椭圆高双折射光纤长度的比例变化、偏转角的变化以及温度的变化对光谱的影响。计算结果表明,两段椭圆高双折射光纤的最佳长度比为1∶2,两个偏振控制器的偏转角应该分别为π/6和π/3,温度增加时光谱向短波方向移动。得到利用光谱峰波长移动计算两段椭圆高双折射光纤温度变化的公式。另外,两段椭圆高双折射光纤之间普通单模光纤的长度以及光源的偏振特性对透射光谱的形状以及温度灵敏度没有影响。该模型可以为椭圆高双折射光纤Sagnac环形腔海水温度传感器的实际应用提供理论支持与指导。
Seawater temperature is a fundamental parameter that plays a key role in ocean dynamics and the ocean-atmosphere interaction and is the most important basis for studying ocean phenomena. In order to measure the temperature of two seawater at the same time, a theoretical model of two annular elliptical high-birefringence fiber Sagnac rings was constructed and the structure was theoretically deduced by using the Jones matrix equation. The model was obtained Of the transmission spectrum, and obtained the transmission spectrum and the structure of the various parts of the relationship parameters. The numerical simulation of the model was carried out by means of Matlab programming. The ratio of the length of elliptical high birefringence fiber, the change of deflection angle and the influence of temperature on the spectrum were studied. The calculated results show that the optimal length ratio of two elliptic high birefringence fibers is 1: 2, and the deflection angles of the two polarization controllers should be π / 6 and π / 3 respectively. When the temperature increases, the spectrum moves to the shortwave direction. The formula for calculating the temperature change of two elliptical high birefringence optical fibers by using the wavelength shift of the spectral peak is obtained. In addition, the length of an ordinary single-mode fiber between two elliptical high birefringence fibers and the polarization characteristics of the light source have no effect on the shape of the transmission spectrum and the temperature sensitivity. The model can provide theoretical support and guidance for the practical application of elliptical high birefringence fiber Sagnac toroidal seawater temperature sensor.