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神经科学的发展已经形成了关于人文学某些经典问题的重新思考或认识。当前的神经科学发现显示:我们的大脑和意识都是物质性的,意识的身心二元论是不能成立的,应该回归于大脑一元论。大脑很重要的一部分工作是无意识的,但却能很好地完成许多在常人看来需要意识去完成的工作,这种无意识的大脑运作过程也是大脑的一种客观属性。另外,常识心理学中所谓自由意志的存在是很可疑的,大脑在意识到自己作出决定之前已经作了决定,无意识的意志根据环境中发生的情况而作出瞬间的决定,其过程主要由大脑在发育期间所形成的工作方式以及由之后我们所学到的知识(记忆)决定。当然,自由意志是否存在这个重要问题的最终答案还应该来自于未来更多的科学实验。
The development of neuroscience has shaped the rethinking or understanding of some of the classic problems of humanity. The current neuroscience findings show that our brains and consciousness are both materialistic and that conscious mind-body dualism can not be established and should be reverted to brain-monism. A very important part of the brain’s work is unconscious, but it does a lot of work well done to the common people. This unconscious process of brain functioning is also an objective feature of the brain. In addition, the so-called existence of free will in common-sense psychology is questionable. The brain makes a decision before it realizes that it has made its own decision. The unconscious will makes an instantaneous decision based on what happens in the environment, The working methods formed during development and the knowledge (memory) we later learned. Of course, the ultimate answer to the question of whether free will exists or not should come from more scientific experiments in the future.