19世纪下半叶至 2 0世纪初的美国 ,随着工业化、城市化向纵深发展 ,美国社会中贫富分化现象日益加剧 ,包括残疾人、失去劳动能力又无依无靠的老人、家境贫困的青少年、长期失业者和初入美国的移民在内的“弱势群体”阶层更加庞大。教会、社区和私人组织对这一群体给予了广泛关注和人道主义的救济及援助 ,政府则对这一问题实行“无为而治”。 With the industrialization and urbanization deepening in the second half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century in the United States, the polarization of the rich and the poor in the United States has been exacerbated, including the handicapped, the elderly who have lost their ability to work, Of the “disadvantaged groups” of adolescents, long-term unemployed and newly arrived immigrants are even more numerous. Churches, communities and private organizations have given this group a wide range of attention and humanitarian relief and assistance, and the government has put “doing nothing” to this issue.