论文部分内容阅读
目的分析沈阳市和平区近年来猩红热发病水平和流行特征,探讨控制对策,为制定猩红热防制规划提供科学依据。方法利用描述流行病学方法对沈阳市和平区2004—2012年猩红热疫情报告资料进行分析。结果 2004—2012年沈阳市和平区猩红热年均报告发病率为33.20/10万,各年度发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.005);男女性别比为1.52∶1,男性年均报告发病率为40.11/10万,女性年均报告发病率为26.33/10万,男女猩红热年均报告发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.005);5、6月和11、12月报告发病数分别占全年报告发病数的28.21%、21.34%;发病年龄以3~8岁年龄组为主,占74.50%;学生、幼托儿童、散居儿童报告发病数分别占全部报告发病数的40.38%、34.52%、21.24%。结论男性猩红热年均报告发病率高于女性,呈学龄前儿童和小学生发病高峰,呈春末夏初和冬季发病高峰。应加强学校和托幼机构传染病防治工作监管,落实各项防控措施;加强卫生宣传和健康教育工作,提高防范意识和水平;开展疫情监测,及时做出预警分析;做好暴发疫情的应急处理,有效控制疫情蔓延。
Objective To analyze the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Heping District of Shenyang City in recent years and to explore the control strategies to provide a scientific basis for the development of scarlet fever prevention programs. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of scarlet fever epidemic in Heping District of Shenyang City from 2004 to 2012. Results The average annual incidence of scarlet fever in Heping District of Shenyang from 2004 to 2012 was 33.20 / 100,000. The annual incidence rates were statistically significant (P <0.005). The male-to-female sex ratio was 1.52:1. The average annual incidence of male (40.11 / 100000), the average annual incidence rate of females was 26.33 / 100000, the average annual reported incidence of scarlet fever between men and women was statistically significant (P <0.005); 5.6 months and 11,12 months, respectively, the reported incidence of The incidence was 28.21% and 21.34% in the annual report. The age of onset was mainly in the age group of 3-8 years, accounting for 74.50% of the total number of reported cases. The reported incidence of the cases were 40.38%, 34.52% %, 21.24%. Conclusions The annual incidence of scarlet fever in males is higher than that of females, showing the peak incidence of preschool children and primary school students, and the peak incidence in early summer and early summer of winter. The prevention and control of communicable diseases in schools and nurseries should be strengthened and various prevention and control measures should be put in place. Health publicity and health education should be stepped up to raise awareness and standards of prevention. Disease surveillance should be carried out and early warning analysis should be conducted promptly. Emergency outbreaks should be well done Treatment, effective control of the spread of the epidemic.