以马铃薯减数分裂四分体时期的小孢子为材料，研究了小孢子原生质体游离的主要影响因素。结果表明：用1 % 蜗牛酶+1.2 % 纤维素酶+0.5 % 半纤维素酶的混合酶液能大量游离出经低温预处理的马铃薯四分体小孢子原生质体，原生质体的最高产率达78.05 %；2-N吗啉乙烷磺酸 (MES) 对小孢子原生质体有一定的保护作用。0.1 % 的荧光增白剂鉴定脱壁完全，0.01 % 的FDA荧光检测表明原生质体具有生活力。 Microspores in the meiosis stage of meiosis of potato were used as materials to study the main factors affecting the microspore protoplast dissociation. The results showed that the protoplasts of the tetraploid microspores pretreated with low temperature could be largely liberated by a mixed enzyme solution of 1% snail enzyme + 1.2% cellulase + 0.5% hemicellulase. The highest protoplast yield reached 78.05%; 2-N morpholine ethanesulfonic acid (MES) had some protective effect on the microspore protoplasts. 0.1% of the optical brightener was completely detached, and 0.01% of the FDA fluorescence tests showed that the protoplasts were viable.