宋代理学家在中国哲学史上有很高的地位,而在文学史上却一直是备受嘲弄的角色。他们重道轻文,以诗文为雕虫小技,不仅自己摒弃不为,而且认为文人是玩物丧志。自甘堕落.他们看不起文人,文人也看不起他们,这是很自然的。但是要说他们“对于词恨之入骨”,或“用种种手段压迫词”,则近乎莫须有的冤案。宋代理学家谈诗论文的很多,而对于词却很少涉及。即使是他们高傲得连眼珠也不屑转过去,也不能据此说他们如何地反对与压制。所谓“种种手段”,其实近乎捕风捉影。但由于这些说法出于一些词专家之口,故而影响甚广。大学讲坛上讲到宋词的发展,往往以此为宋代理学家的一大罪状,因此有分剖辨明的必要。 一、理学家扼杀词的罪状种种,完全是出于附会 Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty had a high status in the history of Chinese philosophy, but in the history of literature it has always been a mockery. They dare to light, to poetry as a carving trick, not only abandon their own not, but also that the literati is playful. It is natural that they should look down upon the literati and the literati should look down upon them. However, to say that they are “bitter about the word” or “oppress the word by all means” is almost an unjust case of injustice. Song neologists talk about a lot of poetry, but rarely involved in the word. Even though they are so arrogant that their eyes do not turn around, they can not say how they opposed and repressed them. The so-called “all kinds of means” are, in fact, nearly catching the eye. However, as these statements are made out by some word experts, they have a great impact. Speaking at the university pulpit Song development, often as a major sin of the Song Dynasty Neo-Confucianism, so there is a need to identify. First, all kinds of counts of stifling words by the philosophers are completely out of attachment