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苗木氮素指数施肥是以肥料中N的含量为指标来确定肥料施用量,进行指数施肥的施肥方式。指数施肥研究源于20世纪80年代的指数养分承载理论,90年代成为苗木施肥研究的热点,涌现了大量关于不同树种、不同供养量和供养配比的报道,2000年后开始关注施肥过程中苗木根系的变化及苗木出圃后的造林效果,现在苗木氮素指数施肥已成为国外容器苗培育的首选技术。这种苗木施肥方法具有比常规施肥方法更能有效提高氮肥利用率、改善苗木质量、提高造林成活率等特点,同时还可避免肥料浪费和减少环境污染。因此,苗木氮素指数施肥将对高质量苗木的培育和减少施肥产生的环境污染产生重大的实践意义。针对我国的苗木氮素指数施肥研究现状,后续可增强对经氮素指数施肥后的苗木的造林效果、大田试验以及氮素指数施肥和水分的合理搭配等实践生产技术的研究,促进氮素指数施肥在苗木生产上的应用。
Fertilizer nitrogen index fertilizer is based on the content of N in the fertilizer as an indicator to determine the amount of fertilizer applied to the index fertilization mode of fertilization. The exponential fertilization research originated from the theory of index nutrient load in the 1980s. In the 1990s, it became a hot spot in fertilization research of seedlings. A lot of reports about different tree species, different nutrient supplies and nutrient supply ratios emerged. After 2000, Changes in roots and seedlings out of nursery afforestation effect, and now nitrogen fertilizer application seedlings has become the preferred container seedling cultivation technology. This seedling fertilization method has the advantages of more effective nitrogen fertilizer utilization, better seedling quality and higher afforestation survival rate than the conventional fertilization methods, and can also avoid fertilizer waste and reduce environmental pollution. Therefore, nursery stock nitrogen index fertilization will have great practical significance for the cultivation of high-quality seedlings and reduce the environmental pollution caused by fertilization. In view of the status quo of nitrogen fertilizer application in nursery stock in our country, the afforestation effect of nursery stock after fertilization by nitrogen index, the field experiment and the rational production of nitrogen index fertilizers and water can be enhanced subsequently to promote nitrogen index Application of fertilization in seedling production.