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作为三大公认的世界文学理论源头,印度诗学具有自己独特的概念演化史,其发展历程也具有某些独特的规律。它先后经历了梵语诗学为核心的古典诗学萌芽、成熟、总结、衰落等几个阶段,然后进入各个方言文论萌芽、发展与吸收梵语诗学同步进行的印度中世纪阶段。现代时期的印度文论转型以梵语诗学、印度方言文论和西方文论等三者相结合为特征,但西方文论的全面渗透是这一时段日益明显的趋势。当代印度文论发展更是体现出西方文论的强势渗透趋势,但印度学者以我为主的借鉴吸收和改造、其对梵语诗学的现代阐释、比较研究和批评运用也是值得关注的学术动向。梵语诗学对于当代世界学术研究、尤其是对当代世界的比较诗学研究而言,具有无可替代的重要价值。
As the three recognized sources of world literary theory, Indian poetics has its own unique concept evolution history, and its development has some unique laws. It has gone through several stages such as sprout, maturity, conclusion and decline of Sanskrit poetics as the core, and then entered the mid-India stage of the buddhism in which various dialect literary theories sprout, developed and absorbed Sanskrit poetics. The transformation of Indian literary theory in modern times is characterized by the combination of Sanskrit poetics, Indian dialect and Western literary criticism, but the overall penetration of western literary theory is an increasingly obvious trend during this period. The development of contemporary Indian literary theory embodies the trend of strong penetration of western literary theory. However, Indian scholars absorb and reform mainly from the perspective of me, and their contemporary interpretation, comparative study and criticism of Sanskrit poetics are also worthy of attention trend. Sanskrit poetics has irreplaceable value to academic research in the contemporary world, especially to the comparative poetics in the contemporary world.