静电场是高中物理电磁学学习的开端章节。因其概念抽象、物理量之间关系复杂,学生学习起来通常会比较困难。本文对静电场中的几种可以用数学知识解答的典型题型进行归纳分析。在平时教学中,教师要注意对学生这方面能力的引导和培养。这有利于学生开阔思路、拓展思维,并且能让学生体会到学科之间的内在联系,感受自然科学的魅力,也为以后进一步的学习打下坚实的基础。一、用相似三角形解答静电场中的平衡问题【例1】如图1所示,竖直绝缘墙壁上有一带电小球A,在A的正上方的P点用长度为L的绝缘丝线悬挂另一带电小球B,两小球相互排斥。由于漏电,A、B两质点所带的电荷量逐渐减少,在电荷漏完之前,下列说法正确的是 Electrostatic field is the beginning of high school physics electromagnetism learning chapter. Because of its conceptual abstraction and the complex relationship between physical quantities, it is often difficult for students to learn. In this paper, we summarize several typical questions that can be solved by mathematical knowledge in electrostatic field. In normal teaching, teachers should pay attention to the guidance and training of students in this area. This will help students to broaden their thinking, broaden their thinking, and allow students to understand the inherent relationship between disciplines, feel the charm of natural science, but also for further study and lay a solid foundation. First, the use of similar triangles to solve the problem of balance in the electrostatic field [Example 1] As shown in Figure 1, there is a charged vertical ball wall A, P above the point A with a length of L insulated wire suspension Another A charged ball B, two small balls mutually exclusive. Due to leakage, A, B two spots with the amount of charge gradually reduced in the charge drain is completed, the following statement is correct