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行政复议的功能定位是行政复议制度的基础理论问题,是整个制度运行的基石和起点。在海峡两岸,我国大陆现行行政复议制度的功能定位侧重于行政机关的内部层级监督与自我纠错,而台湾地区诉愿制度则侧重于行政相对人的权利保障与救济,不同的功能定位直接影响着具体制度建构以及运行实效。本文从功能定位的视角切入,考察两岸行政复议制度的立法沿革和制度运行现状,从而对两岸制度背后的基本理念和相关制度进行比较研究,以加深对行政复议制度的理解,为大陆修改《行政复议法》提供相关的理论支撑。
The functional orientation of administrative reconsideration is the basic theoretical issue of the administrative reconsideration system and the cornerstone and starting point of the entire system. On both sides of the Taiwan Strait, the functional orientation of the current system of administrative reconsideration in the Mainland of China focuses on the supervision and self-correction at the internal level of the executive authorities while the system of petitions in Taiwan focuses on the protection and relief of the rights of the administrative counterparts. Different functional orientations directly affect Specific system construction and operational results. This article examines the legislative evolution and institutional operation status of the administrative review system across the Taiwan Straits from the perspective of functional orientation, and makes a comparative study on the basic concepts and related systems behind the cross-Strait system in order to deepen the understanding of the administrative review system, Reconsideration Law "to provide relevant theoretical support.