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根据一束光的偏振特性可以由斯托克斯矢量来表征的原理,设计搭建了一种天空偏振光测量系统。该系统由计算机、赤道仪、光纤光谱仪和配备了可旋转偏振片的改进式天文望远镜组成,在400～900nm的光谱分辨率为1.4nm。赤道仪经过标定后可以实现0～180°方位角以及0～90°高度角的调整,角度分辨率为2.5°。系统的光学全视场为4.5°,使用该系统可以测量全天空的光强辐射度、偏振度以及偏振方位角。由标定结果可知,系统光强测量的重复率在450～500 nm为99 %,在500～900 nm为(95±3)%;在400 ～750nm偏振度测量误差<2 %,在475nm处达到1.2 %。偏振方位角的测量误差<2°。
According to the principle that the polarization of a beam of light can be characterized by a Stokes vector, a sky-polarized light measurement system is designed and constructed. The system consists of a computer, an equatorial mount, a fiber optic spectrometer, and an improved astronomical telescope equipped with a rotatable polarizer, with a spectral resolution of 1.4 nm at 400-900 nm. After calibrating the equatorial mount, the azimuth of 0-180 ° and the elevation of 0-90 ° can be adjusted with the angular resolution of 2.5 °. The system’s optical total field of view of 4.5 °, the use of the system can measure the full sky radiation intensity of light, degree of polarization and polarization azimuth. From the calibration results, we can see that the repeatability of the system light intensity measurement is 99% at 450 ~ 500 nm and (95 ± 3)% at 500 ~ 900 nm; the error of polarization measurement is less than 2% at 400 ~ 750 nm and reaches at 475 nm 1.2%. Polarization azimuth measurement error <2 °.