目的分析医院临床病原菌分布及对抗菌药物的耐药性,指导临床合理使用药物。方法采用药敏分析仪VETEK-2Compact对医院2014年1月至12月病原菌进行分离培养、鉴定和药物敏感性试验。结果病原菌分布以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占45.18%,主要有大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌等。其次为革兰阳性球菌,占40.11%,主要有金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌,表皮葡萄球菌等,对万古霉素和替考拉宁几乎完全敏感。再次是真菌占14.71%,主要有白色假丝酵母菌、光滑假丝酵母菌、热带假丝酵母菌等。结论病原菌耐药性仍然是目前临床面临的最为严峻的课题之一,掌握医院内病原菌的分布及耐药性,有助于更好地指导临床合理用药。 Objective To analyze the distribution of clinical pathogens in hospitals and their resistance to antibacterials, and to guide clinical rational use of drugs. Methods The VETEK-2Compact drug sensitivity analyzer was used to isolate, culture and identify pathogenic bacteria from Jan. to Dec. 2014 in the hospital. Results The distribution of pathogenic bacteria was mainly Gram-negative bacilli, accounting for 45.18%, mainly including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Followed by Gram-positive cocci, accounting for 40.11%, mainly Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, vancomycin and teicoplanin almost completely sensitive. Once again, fungi accounted for 14.71%, mainly Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis and so on. Conclusion The pathogen resistance is still one of the most serious clinical problems facing the clinic. To master the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in the hospital helps to better guide clinical rational drug use.