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目的了解平顶山市2008-2012年水痘的流行病学特征,为有效控制水痘提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2008-2012年国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统和突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统的水痘疫情资料进行统计,并对水痘的时间、年龄、性别、职业和区域发病情况进行比较分析。结果平顶山市2008-2012年共报告水痘8 114例,年均发病率为32.77/10万;不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(x~=295.03,P<0.001)。年平均发病率居前3位的是卫东区、湛河区、新华区,分别为88.24/10万、85.75/10万、63.23/10万。常年均有发病,呈现4-6月、12-1月两个发病高峰,占发病总数的64.69%;男性病例占总发病数的60.46%,女性为39.54%,男女性别比为1.53:1。水痘发病年龄以<15岁儿童为主,占总发病数的89.15%。高发年龄为3~8岁,占发病总数的62.60%;学生、幼托儿童、散居儿童占总病例数的93.99%;2008-2012年全市共报告水痘事件5起,全部发生在小学。结论平顶山市2008-2012年水痘发病率较高,15岁以下人群是水痘的高发人群,应加强学校和托幼机构对水痘病例的监测,发现病例及时上报,鼓励接种水痘疫苗,降低水痘的发病率。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox in Pingdingshan from 2008 to 2012 and provide the basis for the effective control of chickenpox. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of chicken pox in the national disease surveillance information report management system and public health incident reporting management information system from 2008 to 2012. The data of chicken pox in time, age, sex, occupation and region The incidence of comparative analysis. Results A total of 8 114 chickenpox cases were reported in Pingdingshan from 2008 to 2012, with an average annual incidence of 32.77 / 100 000. There was significant difference in morbidity between different years (x ~ = 295.03, P <0.001). The top three in terms of annual average incidence were Wei Dong District, Zhanhe District and Xinhua District, with 88.24 / 100000, 85.75 / 100000 and 63.23 / 100000 respectively. Perennial incidence, showing the peak incidence in April-June, 12-January, accounting for 64.69% of the total number of cases; male cases accounted for 60.46% of the total number of cases, women 39.54%, male to female ratio was 1.53: 1. The age of onset of chickenpox was mainly children aged <15 years, accounting for 89.15% of the total. High incidence of 3 to 8 years old, accounting for 62.60% of the total number of cases; students, childcare, scattered children accounted for 93.99% of the total number of cases; 2008-2012, the city reported a total of 5 cases of chickenpox, all occurred in primary school. Conclusions The incidence of chickenpox in Pingdingshan City is relatively high from 2008 to 2012, and the population under 15 years old is a high incidence of chickenpox. The monitoring of chickenpox cases in schools and nurseries should be strengthened. Cases should be promptly reported and the vaccination of chickenpox should be encouraged to reduce the incidence of chickenpox rate.