国有粮食企业要走出困境，必须转换企业经营机制，建立现代企业制度。其中实现“两个转变”（即由计划经济向市场经济转变，粗放经营向集约经营转变）显得尤为重要。一、粮食企业实现“两个转变”的必要性１．实现“两个转变”是加快建立社会主义市场经济体制的需要。建立社会 In order to get out of the predicament, state-owned grain enterprises must change their operating mechanism and establish a modern enterprise system. Among them, it is particularly important to achieve “two transitions” (that is, the transition from a planned economy to a market economy, and from an extensive operation to an intensive operation). I. The Necessity of Grain Enterprises to Realize “Two Changes” 1. Realizing the “two transitions” is the need to accelerate the establishment of a socialist market economic system. Build society