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以山东沂蒙山区费县祊河流域为研究对象,全面收集研究区气候、地形、土壤、社会经济等资料,并通过大量现场调查,以通用土壤流失方程(USLE)为基础,运用G IS技术生成降雨侵蚀力因子(R)、土壤可侵蚀因子(K)、坡度和坡长因子(LS)、水土保持措施因子(P)、植被与经营管理因子(C)图;应用ArcG IS的空间叠加分析功能,建立了土壤侵蚀量的空间分布数据库;用建立的土壤侵蚀预测模型估算了流域土壤侵蚀总量与侵蚀模数。研究表明:微度侵蚀面积占整个流域面积的79.57%,尽管其侵蚀量仅占总侵蚀量的2.84%,但存在进一步恶化的趋势;研究区土壤侵蚀面积、侵蚀模数、侵蚀量均呈现出减小趋势,说明水土保持工作取得了成效。本研究为沂蒙山区开展水土保持工作提供了数据支持和决策依据。
Based on the data of the climate, topography, soil and socio-economy in the study area of Fei County in Shandong Yimeng Mountain, a large number of field surveys were conducted and based on the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), GIS technology was used to generate Rainfall erosivity factor (R), soil erosion factor (K), slope and slope length factor (LS), soil and water conservation measures factor (P), vegetation and management factor (C) Function, established a spatial distribution database of soil erosion; established soil erosion prediction model to estimate the total amount of soil erosion and erosion modulus. The results show that the micro-erosion area accounts for 79.57% of the total drainage area. Although the erosion amount accounts for only 2.84% of the total erosion amount, there is a tendency of further deterioration. The erosion area, erosion modulus and erosion amount of the study area all show Reduce the trend, indicating the effectiveness of soil and water conservation. This study provided data support and decision-making basis for soil and water conservation work in Yimeng Mountain area.