本文提出了研制棱镜式太阳敏感器的“太阳方位检测原理”,并采用能量平衡测量方法及补偿辐照度变化等措施,实现太阳方位精确测量.根据这一原理设计的太阳敏感器具有在小视场范围内分辨率和精度高、体积小、重量轻、寿命长等优点.经鉴定,样机在±70’视场内分辨率为1’’,精度为±3’’.全套重2.5公斤,耗电小于1瓦. In this paper, the “solar azimuth detection principle” of developing a prism solar sensor is proposed, and measures such as energy balance measurement method and compensatory irradiance change are adopted to achieve precise azimuth measurement of the sun.According to this principle, Field resolution and high accuracy, small size, light weight, long life and other advantages identified by the prototype in ± 70 ’field of view resolution of 1’, accuracy of ± 3 ’. The full set of weight 2.5 kg, Power consumption is less than 1 watt.