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加纳是战后黑非洲中最早独立的国家。从１９５７年独立到１９６６年国内爆发政变是加纳著名政治领袖恩克鲁玛执政的时代。恩克鲁玛统治时期可以分为两个截然不同的阶段：比较务实的独立初期（１９５７－１９６０）；政策偏激的共和国时期（１９６０－１９６６）。其统治后期因各种政策失误，国家的经济与社会状况总体趋势在恶化，最终导致爆发军事政变。这种状况的出现与恩克鲁玛对待历史遗产的态度以及他过于迷恋泛非主义运动有关。
Ghana is the earliest independent country in post-war Black Africa. From the independence of 1957 to the eruption of a domestic coup in 1966, it was an era in which Nkrumah, a prominent Ghanaian political leader, came to power. The period of Nkrumah could be divided into two distinct phases: the relatively pragmatic period of independence (1957-1960) and the period of repressive policies (1960-1966). Due to various policy mistakes in the latter part of its reign, the overall trend of the country’s economic and social conditions was deteriorating, eventually leading to the outbreak of a military coup. The appearance of this situation is related to Nkrumah’s attitude towards the historical heritage and his over-attachment to the Pan-African Movement.