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采用田间小区试验研究了不同钾肥种类和施肥方式对大白菜产量和品质的影响。结果表明,不同钾肥种类和施肥方式均显著增加了大白菜产量,第一季氯化钾的增产效果显著高于硫酸钾,第二季两种钾肥的增产效果相当。与不施钾肥相比,不同钾肥处理均能提高两季大白菜维生素C含量,但第二季含量明显低于第一季。两季各处理氨基酸增加量差异较大,在同一季中,钾肥种类对大白菜氨基酸含量影响不一,氯化钾的效果高于硫酸钾。硝酸盐含量受钾肥种类影响较大,硫酸钾更有利于降低大白菜的硝酸盐含量。各处理大白菜全氮含量差异不大。不同钾肥处理对大白菜全磷含量的影响略有差异,第一季施用硫酸钾和第二季施用氯化钾各处理全磷含量变化不大。同一季中,施钾肥时期对大白菜全钾含量影响不大,但受钾肥种类影响较大。大白菜的全硫含量和全氯含量基本一致,均受钾肥种类的影响较大;氯化钾更有利于提高大白菜全硫含量和全氯含量,而施用硫酸钾的处理均降低了大白菜全硫含量。
Field trials were conducted to study the effects of different types and rates of fertilizers on the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage. The results showed that different types of potash fertilizer and fertilization method significantly increased the yield of Chinese cabbage. The yield of potassium chloride in the first season was significantly higher than that of potassium sulfate. The yield of two kinds of potash fertilizer in the second season was similar. Compared with no potassium application, different potassium treatments could increase the vitamin C content of Chinese cabbage in two seasons, but the content in the second season was obviously lower than the first season. In the same season, the types of potassium fertilizer had different effects on the amino acid content of Chinese cabbage, and the effect of potassium chloride was higher than that of potassium sulfate. The content of nitrate is greatly affected by the type of potash, potassium sulfate is more conducive to reduce the nitrate content of Chinese cabbage. There was no significant difference in total nitrogen content in Chinese cabbage. The effects of different potassium treatments on the total phosphorus content of Chinese cabbage were slightly different. The contents of total phosphorus in the treatments of potassium sulfate in the first season and potassium chloride in the second season did not change much. In the same season, the period of applying potassium fertilizer had little effect on the total potassium content of Chinese cabbage, but it was greatly affected by the type of potassium fertilizer. The total sulfur content and total chlorine content of Chinese cabbage were basically the same, which were all affected by the type of potassium fertilizer. KCl was more beneficial to increase the total sulfur content and total chlorine content of Chinese cabbage, while the treatment with potassium sulfate reduced Chinese cabbage Total sulfur content.