尽管目前已有160个国家在《关于禁止发展、生产、储存、使用化学武器及锁毁此种武器的公约》上签了字,但是化学战威胁却依然存在。值得注意的是,生产化学武器的技术已经在世界范围内扩散到了一些想拥有大规模杀伤性武器的国家,对此,应引起国际社会的重视。这里着重讨论目前正在研究的一种用于未来军队防护,安全而又用量少的酶生化洗消剂。酶生化洗消剂的诞生与发展随着生物工程技术,特别是酶工程的发展,酶生化洗消剂领域也得到了很大发展。运用生物技术可发现、描述、改进及生产出一种性能优良的洗消剂,其主要成分是一种从自然界提取的酶。此种酶洗消剂无毒、无腐蚀性,并可作为催化剂使用,用量少却十分有效。酶生化洗消剂的发展简史 1946年梅热(Mazus)首次发现了一种神经性毒剂解毒酶。它不象乙酰胆碱酯酶那样,每一个分子只能同一个神经 Although at present 160 countries have signed the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling, Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction, the threat of chemical warfare still exists. It is noteworthy that the production of chemical weapons has spread to some countries that want to have weapons of mass destruction around the world, and this should arouse the attention of the international community. Here we will focus on what kind of enzyme biochemical decontamination is currently under study for the future defense of the armed forces, but with a small amount of safety. The birth and development of enzyme biochemical decontamination With the development of bioengineering technology, especially enzyme engineering, the field of enzyme biochemical decontamination has also been greatly developed. The use of biotechnology to find, describe, improve and produce a good performance decontamination, the main component is extracted from nature of the enzyme. This enzyme decontamination agent is non-toxic, non-corrosive, and can be used as a catalyst, with a small amount is very effective. Brief History of the Development of Biochemical Decontaminants In 1946, Mazus discovered for the first time a neurotoxic agent detoxification enzyme. It is not like acetylcholinesterase, each molecule can only be one nerve