目的分析合肥市一年级小学生头发中Zn、Ca、Fe、Mg、Cu、Pb等6种矿物元素的含量并探讨矿物元素含量与食物摄入频率的关系。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取合肥市小学一年级在校学生进行采样,并对其家长进行问卷调查,获得有效样本180例。采用原子吸收分光光度法测定头发中矿物元素含量,并利用SPSS13.0统计软件进行数据处理。结果儿童体内矿物元素Fe、Zn、Cu、Ca、Mg存在一定程度的缺乏或过量,以缺乏较明显;儿童体内Pb含量升高也较明显。鸡蛋摄入频率、水产品摄入频率、碳酸饮料摄入频率及是否摄入保健品与各矿物元素的等级无关联;豆制品摄入频率与头发中的Fe、Zn、Cu、Mg和Ca的含量都有关联,不同等级间差异有统计学意义;不同水果摄入频率学生头发中的Fe、Zn和Mg的等级差异有统计学意义;坚果摄入频率与头发中的Fe、Zn、Mg和Ca的含量都有关联,不同等级间差异有统计学意义;西式快餐摄入频率与Pb的含量有关联,摄入频率越高,Pb过量几率越大。结论合肥市一年级小学生体内6种矿物元素含量均存在较明显的异常,矿物元素的含量与饮食结构具有相关性。 Objective To analyze the contents of six mineral elements such as Zn, Ca, Fe, Mg, Cu and Pb in the first grade primary school students in Hefei City and to explore the relationship between mineral elements and the frequency of food intake. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to sample freshmen of grade one in Hefei for sampling and their parents were surveyed to obtain 180 valid samples. The content of mineral elements in the hair was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and the data was processed by SPSS13.0 statistical software. Results In children, the mineral elements Fe, Zn, Cu, Ca, Mg were deficient or overdose to a certain extent, but the deficiency was not obvious. The increase of Pb in children was also obvious. The frequency of intake of eggs, the frequency of intake of aquatic products, the frequency of intake of carbonated drinks and the intake of health products were not related to the grades of mineral elements. The frequency of intake of soy products was related to the contents of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mg and Ca in the hair There was a significant difference between the grades of different grades. Fe, Zn and Mg levels in the hair of students with different fruit intake frequencies were significantly different. There was a significant difference in the frequency of nuts intake with Fe, Zn, Mg and Ca content were associated with different levels of difference was statistically significant; Western fast food intake frequency is associated with the content of Pb, the higher the frequency of intake, the greater the probability of excessive Pb. Conclusion There are obvious abnormalities in the content of 6 mineral elements in grade one primary school students in Hefei City. The content of mineral elements is related to the diet structure.