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目的了解中国北方敬老院不同年龄段男性人群心血管疾病危险因素流行情况。方法自2011年7月~2012年9月,对北方地区敬老院1435名男性采用标准化心血管病流行病学调查方法进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查。按照不同年龄段(20~44,45~59,60~74,75岁以上)分为A组、B组、C组、D组。调查各年龄组心血管危险因素分布情况。结果该人群高血压、吸烟、超重或肥胖、血脂异常和血糖异常5个心血管病危险因素检出率分别为71.9%、39.7%、39.0%、34.8%和15.4%;随机尿钠钾比(mmol/L:mmol/L)的均值达8.2±4.8。ABCD四组首位危险因素分别是超重或肥胖(45.1%)、高血压(55.7%)、高血压(75.6%)、高血压(83.5%)。合并3种以上危险因素的百分比在A、B、C、D组分别为21.1%、28.2%、35.1%和26.2%。结论中国北方地区敬老院男性心血管危险因素流行严重,不同年龄段分布不同,应有针对性进行健康干预。该人群高的尿钠钾比值,反映其高钠低钾膳食特点,需积极限制钠盐增加钾的摄入。
Objective To understand the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in men of different ages in nursing home in North China. Methods From July 2011 to September 2012, 1435 men in the nursing home in the north of China were investigated by questionnaires, physical examinations and laboratory tests using a standardized epidemiological survey of cardiovascular diseases. According to different age groups (20 ~ 44, 45 ~ 59, 60 ~ 74, 75 years old and above) were divided into A group, B group, C group, D group. Investigate the distribution of cardiovascular risk factors in all age groups. Results The prevalence rates of five risk factors of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, smoking, overweight or obesity, dyslipidemia and dyslipidemia were 71.9%, 39.7%, 39.0%, 34.8% and 15.4%, respectively; mmol / L: mmol / L) reached an average of 8.2 ± 4.8. ABCD four groups were the first risk factors were overweight or obesity (45.1%), hypertension (55.7%), hypertension (75.6%), hypertension (83.5%). The percentage of 3 or more risk factors in combination was 21.1%, 28.2%, 35.1% and 26.2% in groups A, B, C and D, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among the aged people in the nursing home in the northern part of China is very serious. There are different distributions in different age groups, and health interventions should be targeted. The high urinary sodium and potassium ratio of the population, reflecting the characteristics of its high sodium and low potassium diet, the need to actively limit the increase of sodium intake of potassium.