我国国有企业债务负担沉重,其原因主要是:第一,本来应由国家投资兴办的工矿企业和基础设施,采取了“拨改贷”办法,在资金利润率颇低的情况下,大批企业无力偿债。第二,本来应由国家财政拨款的流动资金,因财政困难未予拨款,加上大批企业只顾固定资产的资金投入,不顾流动资金的补充,在企业新增固定资产投产之后,为了开工生产,不得不以高利率向金融机构贷款度日,以致企业负债累累。第三,自80年代初期开始,日元、美元等外币不断升值,人民币相应贬值,利用外资引进技术亦导致一些企业债台 The heavy debt burden on China’s state-owned enterprises is mainly due to the following: First, the industrial and mining enterprises and infrastructure that should have been invested and set up by the country have adopted the “distribution and change of loans” approach. In the case of relatively low capital profitability, a large number of companies are incapable of power. Debt service. Second, liquidity that should have been allocated by the state’s financial resources has not been allocated due to financial difficulties, and a large number of companies have only paid for capital investment in fixed assets, ignoring the replenishment of working capital, and in order to commence production after new fixed assets have been put into production by enterprises, They had to borrow from financial institutions at high interest rates for a period of time, resulting in the indebtedness of the company. Thirdly, since the early 1980s, foreign currencies such as the yen and the US dollar have appreciated continuously, and the yuan has depreciated accordingly. The introduction of technology using foreign capital has also led to some corporate debt.