对黄土台塬乾县试区旱地小麦不同降水年型的土壤水分特征及水分利用效率长期研究结果表明,该区按降水量多少分为丰水、平水和干旱3种降水年型,干旱少雨是这一研究时段的主要特点;夏闲期是该区旱地小麦土壤水分的恢复阶段,降水多少与下渗深浅密切相关;小麦生育期是旱地小麦土壤水分的损耗阶段,时至收获2m土层内土壤水分降到全年最低值;小麦产量与耗水系数呈负相关,与田间耗水量和水分利用效率呈正相关。 The results of long-term study on soil moisture characteristics and water use efficiency under different precipitation years of dry land wheat in dry land of dry land in loess plateau of the Loess Plateau showed that there are three precipitation types, Feng-Dui and Dian- The main characteristics of this study period; summer fallow period is the dry land wheat soil moisture recovery stage, the amount of precipitation and infiltration depth is closely related to wheat growth period is dry land wheat soil moisture depletion stage, up to harvest 2m soil layer Soil moisture decreased to the lowest value in the whole year. The yield of wheat was negatively correlated with water consumption coefficient, and positively correlated with water consumption and water use efficiency.