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目的对昆明市2005~2012年疟疾流行特点进行分析,为疟疾防治和监测提供依据。方法收集昆明市2005~2012年疟疾疫情资料和人口资料进行统计分析。结果昆明市2005~2012年共报告疟疾病例321例,其中间日疟130例,恶性疟86例,未分型105例;死亡3例,均为恶性疟病例。年均发病率0.64/十万,死亡率0.05/十万,均是输入性病例;男性远多于女性,以青壮年农民和民工为主;发病高峰为4~8月和10~11月,占发病总数的75.08%;病例分布在13个县(市)区的71个乡(镇、街道办事处),患者最多来自缅甸(53.58%),其次德宏州(13.08%),第三是非洲(10.28%)。结论昆明市流动人口疟疾发病率呈逐年下降趋势,加强往来于高疟区流动人口的疟疾病例监测和管理,普及疟疾防治知识,及时发现和治疗病例,是巩固疟防成果的有效措施。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of malaria epidemic in Kunming from 2005 to 2012, and provide basis for malaria control and monitoring. Methods The malaria epidemic data and population data from 2005 to 2012 in Kunming were collected for statistical analysis. Results A total of 321 cases of malaria were reported in Kunming from 2005 to 2012, including 130 cases of Plasmodium falciparum, 86 cases of Plasmodium falciparum, 105 cases of undifferentiated cases and 3 cases of death, all of which were cases of falciparum malaria. The average annual incidence rate was 0.64 per 100,000 and the death rate was 0.05 per 100,000. All of them were imported cases. Men were far more than females, mainly young and middle-aged peasants and migrant workers. The peak incidence was from April to August and from October to November, Accounting for 75.08% of the total number of cases; the cases were distributed in 71 townships (towns and sub-district offices) of 13 counties (cities), with the largest number of patients being Myanmar (53.58%), followed by Dehong (13.08%), the third being Africa (10.28%). Conclusions The incidence of malaria in floating population in Kunming is decreasing year by year. It is an effective measure to consolidate the results of malaria prevention by strengthening the monitoring and management of malaria cases among floating population in high malaria area, popularizing malaria prevention and treatment knowledge and discovering and treating cases in time.