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乏(Valsalva)氏试验是令病人深吸气后闭住口鼻用力拼气10秒钟,并观察其心率、心音、杂音及血压的变化。若病人不能完成此试验,可将一手压其腹中部,并令其向压迫的手挺腹,可达同样的目的。由于拼气时胸腔内的压力突然增高,以致回心血量减少,心排出量及血压随之下降;并兴奋交感神经使心率加快、血管收缩。但在停止试验后,心排出量回复正常,并有短暂的血压升高及反射性的心率减慢。当心力衰竭及大的自左向右分流存在时,由于肺静脉充血,左室
Valsalva’s test was to force the patient to close his mouth and nose for 10 seconds after taking a deep breath and observe changes in heart rate, heart sounds, noise and blood pressure. If the patient can not complete the test, he or she can press the midsection of the abdomen with one hand and force the oppressed hand to heel, for the same purpose. As a sudden increase in pressure within the chest when fighting gas, so as to reduce the amount of blood effort, cardiac output and blood pressure decreased; and excite sympathetic heart rate, blood vessels contraction. However, after stopping the test, cardiac output returned to normal with a brief increase in blood pressure and a decrease in reflex heart rate. When heart failure and large left to right shunt exist, due to pulmonary venous congestion, left ventricular