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目的探讨列车乘务作业对工人神经行为功能的影响。方法用神经行为核心测试组合(NCTB)的方法对济南铁路局列车乘务员305人及283名在性别、年龄、工龄、文化程度及吸烟饮酒史等方面类同的283名后勤人员为对照组进行神经行为功能测试。结果列车乘务员组情感状态(profile of mood state,POMS)中的紧张-焦虑(9.37±6.42)、抑郁-沮丧(13.63±11.72)、愤怒-敌意(12.34±9.38)三个因子分高于后勤人员组(7.61±4.23,10.91±5.79,8.26±4.40),有力-好动(19.72±5.94)、数字跨度中顺背和总分(11.62±2.19,17.92±3.52)、圣他安娜手工敏捷度中利手和非利手(16.92±2.58、16.58±2.43)以及数字译码(55.76±17.34)评分,低于后勤人员组(22.52±6.21、13.86±2.26、20.51±2.82,18.21±3.04、17.43±3.15、59.54±17.25),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);女性数字译码测试(64.68±1.18)和目标追踪打点总数(279.46±4.80)两项指标评分高于男性(60.15±1.42、258.34±5.75),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);乘务员工龄10年~组情感状态中紧张-焦虑(10.72±0.81)、愤怒-敌意(13.88±1.19)、疲劳-惰性(9.26±0.75)、慌乱-困惑(8.85±0.58)四个项目的得分,高于20年~组(8.29±1.09、10.30±1.61、6.08±1.01、6.74±0.78),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),目标追踪测验正确点数工龄20年~组得分(244.60±9.94)分高于<10年组(221.47±7.34)和10年~组(198.01±9.04)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),工龄<10年组打点总和得分(248.08±10.22)分低于其他两个工龄组(279.82±8.30、294.30±11.24)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论列车乘务作业可对工人神经行为功能产生一定的影响,有必要采取干预措施以促进列车乘务作业工人的身体健康。
Objective To explore the effect of train service on the neurobehavioral function of workers. Methods The neurobehavioral core test (NCTB) method was used to test the effects of the NCTB method on 305 train crew members and 283 logisticians in Jinan Railway Bureau who were similar in gender, age, seniority, educational level, smoking and drinking history, Behavioral functional testing. Results The three factors of stress-anxiety (9.37 ± 6.42), depression-depression (13.63 ± 11.72) and anger-hostility (12.34 ± 9.38) in the crew member’s crew profile were higher than those of the logisticians (7.61 ± 4.23, 10.91 ± 5.79, 8.26 ± 4.40), potent-potent (19.72 ± 5.94), the number of back and back in the digital span and the total score (11.62 ± 2.19, 17.92 ± 3.52) (16.92 ± 2.58, 16.58 ± 2.43) and digital code (55.76 ± 17.34), which were lower than those of the logisticians (22.52 ± 6.21,13.86 ± 2.26,20.51 ± 2.82,18.21 ± 3.04,17.43 ± 3.15,59.54 ± 17.25), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The scores of female digital decoding test (64.68 ± 1.18) and target tracking RBI (279.46 ± 4.80) were higher than those of male (60.15 ± 1.42, 258.34 ± 5.75), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The flight attendants’ working age was 10 years and the anxiety-related anxiety (10.72 ± 0.81), anger-hostility (13.88 ± 1.19) and fatigue-inertia ), Panic-confused (8.85 ± 0.58) scores of four items, higher than 20 years ~ group (8.29 ± 1.09,10.30 ± 1.61,6.08 ± 1.01,6.74 ± 0.78), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The correct points of the target follow-up test in 20 years of age ~ group score (244.60 ± 9.94) were significantly higher than those in <10 years (221.47 ± 7.34) and 10 years group (198.01 ± 9.04) P <0.05). The total score of RBI in working years <10 years (248.08 ± 10.22) was lower than that of the other two age groups (279.82 ± 8.30,294.30 ± 11.24), with statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusions The train operation can affect the neurobehavioral function of workers, and it is necessary to take intervention measures to promote the health of train crew.