目的 :探讨、评价肺保护性机械通气策略治疗 2 8例急性呼吸窘迫综合征 (ARDS)患儿时对避免与机械通气相关性肺损伤所起的作用。　　方法 :对 2 8例先天性心脏病术后单纯并发 ARDS患儿采用 1高呼吸频率 ;2低潮气量 ;3限制气道峰压 ;4早期使用高呼吸末正压等通气模式 ,并在血液动力学监测下适当允许高碳酸血症。　　结果 :与以往病例的治疗结果比 ,全组患者并发症低 ,无死亡。住院天数减少。　　结论 :本组患儿治疗结果较好 ,作者认为要更新对 ARDS病理改变的认识 ,使用有针对性的肺保护性通气策略 ,避免与机械通气相关性肺的再损伤有关。 Objective: To evaluate and evaluate the protective effects of lung protective ventilation on the prevention of mechanical ventilation-related lung injury in 28 children with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods: Twenty-eight cases of congenital heart disease complicated with ARDS were treated with high respiratory rate, 2 low tidal volume, 3 limited peak airway pressure, 4 early high positive end-expiratory pressure ventilation, Under appropriate monitoring to allow hypercapnia. Results: Compared with the treatment results of the previous cases, all the patients had low complication and no death. Inpatient days decreased. Conclusion: The results of this group of children are better. The authors think it is necessary to update their understanding of the pathological changes of ARDS and use targeted lung protective ventilation strategies to avoid the re-injury associated with mechanical ventilation.