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众所周知,人体外周血淋巴细胞的染色体对电离辐射最为敏感,数rad 剂量的照射即可见到人体外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变率的增加。一些研究表明,染色体畸变率与所受照射剂量有依赖关系,随照射剂量增加而增加。由于电离辐射后染色体畸变出现早,并持续较长时间,且畸变量与照射剂量呈线性关系,故国内外均广泛采用染色体畸变率作为辐射事故的生物剂量仪,以及远期效应的观察指标。计数外周血淋巴细胞染色体的畸变量来估算受照人员的辐射剂量,不仅较为简易,
It is well-known that the chromosomes of human peripheral blood lymphocytes are most sensitive to ionizing radiation and the increase in the rate of chromosomal aberrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes can be seen with several rad doses of irradiation. Some studies have shown that the rate of chromosomal aberrations depends on the irradiation dose and increases with the irradiation dose. Because chromosome aberrations appear early and continue for a long time after ionizing radiation, and the linear relationship between the distortion and the radiation dose, the chromosome aberration rate is widely used both at home and abroad as biological dosimeters for radiation accidents, as well as observation indicators for long-term effects. It is not only easy to estimate the radiation dose of peripheral blood lymphocytes to estimate the radiation dose of the irradiated person.