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目的掌握沈阳市细菌性痢疾流行趋势,为制定防制规划提供准确依据。方法应用描述流行病学方法分析沈阳市细菌性痢疾疫情资料。结果 2004—2009年细菌性痢疾年均发病率为51.83/10万;城区细菌性痢疾年均发病率为78.11/10万,农村细菌性痢疾年均发病率为27.41/10万(P<0.01);6—9月发病数占全年的69.79%,呈夏秋季发病高峰;男性细菌性痢疾年均发病率为58.55/10万,女性细菌性痢疾年均发病率为44.95/10万(P<0.01),男女性别比为1.33:1;散居儿童、学生、家务及待业3项职业报告细菌性痢疾病例数占全部病例的59.39%,职业高峰明显;0～4岁年龄组占25.35%,呈典型的婴幼儿高发。结论该市应进一步做好卫生宣传和健康教育工作,养成良好卫生习惯;加强食品安全和饮水卫生监督管理;做好粪便无害化和灭蝇工作;加强疫情报告,有效控制痢疾流行。
Objective To grasp the epidemic trend of bacillary dysentery in Shenyang and provide an accurate basis for making prevention and control plan. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of bacillary dysentery in Shenyang City. Results The average annual incidence of bacterial dysentery was 51.83 / 100 000 in 2004-2009. The average annual incidence of bacterial dysentery in urban area was 78.11 / 100 000. The average annual incidence of bacterial dysentery in rural areas was 27.41 / 100 000 (P 0.01) ; The incidence in June-September accounted for 69.79% of the year, showing the peak incidence in summer and autumn; the average annual incidence of bacterial dysentery in men was 58.55 / 100000, the average annual incidence of bacterial dysentery in women was 44.95 / 100000 (P < 0.01). The sex ratio of men and women was 1.33: 1. The occupational diarrhea cases in scattered children, students, housework and unemployed accounted for 59.39% of the total cases and the occupational peak was obvious. The 0-4 age group accounted for 25.35% A typical high incidence of infants and young children. Conclusion The city should further improve publicity on health and health education so as to develop good health habits, strengthen food safety and hygiene supervision and management of drinking water, do harmless decontamination and fly-killing work, and strengthen reporting of epidemic situations to effectively control the epidemic of dysentery.