目的：观察家庭干预对农村首发精神分裂症患者主要亲属心理健康状况的影响。方法：对符合中国精神疾病分类方案与诊断标准第二版修订本（ＣＣＭＤ２Ｒ）精神分裂症诊断标准的５０例农村首发病人的主要亲属（Ａ组）进行住院８周的积极家庭干预及出院后维持干预，并与５０例条件相仿的农村首发精神分裂症病人主要亲属（Ｂ组）对照，用症状自评量表（ＳＣＬ９０）于病人入院时，入院第４和第８周末，出院后每隔１～３月随诊时分别评定其同一主要亲属的心理健康状况，用简明精神病量表（ＢＰＲＳ）评定病情严重程度，并进行２年随访。结果：Ａ组心理健康状况的改善明显好于Ｂ组，多在入院４周时即显示较好效果。随访期间复发病人亲属的ＳＣＬ９０增分Ａ组显著少于Ｂ组（Ｐ＜００１），家庭干预对亲属为女性，受教育高者效果好。结论：家庭干预能显著改善农村首发精神分裂症患者亲属的心理健康状况。 Objective: To observe the effect of family intervention on the mental health status of the main relatives of first-episode schizophrenia in rural areas. Methods: The active relatives of 50 primary hospitalized patients (group A), who met the diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia in the second edition of the revised version of the Chinese Mental Illness Program (CCMD2R), were admitted to hospital for 8 weeks. And maintained after discharge from the hospital. The results were compared with 50 relatives of the first relatives of rural first-episode schizophrenia (group B), who were admitted to the hospital on the 4th and 8th weeks of admission on the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) , And discharged from the hospital every 1 to 3 months were assessed when the same main relatives of the mental health status, with a simple mental illness scale (BPRS) to assess the severity of the disease, and for 2 years follow-up. Results: The improvement of mental health status in group A was significantly better than that in group B, which showed better results at 4 weeks after admission. During follow-up, relatives of relapsed relatives of SCL90 increased significantly less in group A than in group B (P <001), family intervention was relatives of female, who received high education. Conclusion: Family intervention can significantly improve the mental health of relatives in first-episode schizophrenia in rural areas.