地下水资源是水资源的重要组成部分,是构成并影响生态环境的重要因素。地下水也是我国供水水源之一,其供水量约占全国总供水量的20%,特别是北方17个省(自治区、直辖市)地下水开采量约占全国总开采量的90%,约占这些省份总供水量的40%。20世纪80年代以来,超量开采地下水导致并诱 Groundwater resources are an important part of water resources and constitute an important factor that affects the ecological environment. Groundwater is also one of the water supply sources in our country. Its water supply accounts for about 20% of the total water supply in the country. In particular, groundwater exploitation in 17 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) in the north accounts for about 90% of the total national extraction, 40% of water supply. Since the 1980s, excessive exploitation of groundwater has led to and induced