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随着癌症发生率和死亡率的逐年上升,癌症已成为威胁人类健康的首要敌人,因此越来越多的研究者投入癌症发病机制及新疗法的探索之中。尽管如此,每年仍然只有屈指可数的抗癌新药通过审批,究其原因主要是绝大多数具有较好临床前效应的新药缺乏良好的临床疗效,因此合理应用及创新临床前抗肿瘤药物的评价体系,促进临床前研究与临床药效的结合与统一,就显得尤为迫切和重要。众所周知,动物癌症模型在癌症的病因和发病机制研究以及治疗评估中发挥着举足轻重的作用。本文对最为常用的小鼠癌症模型在临床前研究中的发展前景以及面临的挑战进行了探讨,并对新兴癌症模型的应用前景进行了简述,为临床前合理评价药物疗效提供参考。
With the rising of cancer incidence and mortality, cancer has become the primary enemy threatening human health. Therefore, more and more researchers are devoted to the research of cancer pathogenesis and new therapies. Nevertheless, only a handful of new anticancer drugs are still approved every year, mainly because the vast majority of new drugs with better preclinical effects lack good clinical efficacy, so the rational application and innovation of preclinical antitumor drug evaluation System, to promote the combination and unification of preclinical studies and clinical efficacy, it is particularly urgent and important. It is well-known that animal cancer models play a pivotal role in cancer etiology and pathogenesis research and in therapeutic evaluation. In this paper, the development prospects and challenges of the most commonly used mouse model of cancer in preclinical studies are discussed, and the application prospects of the emerging cancer models are briefly described to provide a reference for the rational evaluation of drug efficacy in preclinical studies.