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提取考古遗址出土的人和动物骨中的不可溶性胶原蛋白(ISC),进行C、N稳定同位素分析,是目前古食谱分析的主要研究方法。然而,对于无法提取出ISC的骨样,古食谱的重建也就无从谈起。之前,我们通过凝胶层析法,首次成功提取出古骨中ISC的降解产物——可溶性胶原蛋白(SC),并发现:SC与ISC的C、N稳定同位素比值相似,同样可以应用于古食谱研究。为进一步探明两者稳定同位素相似的机理,本文选取更多的古骨样品,开展了SC和ISC的元素含量、稳定同位素值和氨基酸组成分析。研究结果表明,SC与ISC的总氨基酸组成,完全符合I型胶原蛋白的特点。此外,SC与ISC相比,8种必需氨基酸组成,非常接近,变异范围仅为0.25%(n=3);而11种半必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸,则变化稍大(0.90%,n=3)。显然,不同性质氨基酸含量的少许差异,是造成两种蛋白C、N稳定同位素相似但不相同的主要原因。
Extracting insoluble collagen (ISC) from human and animal bones unearthed at archeological sites and carrying out C and N stable isotope analysis are the main research methods of ancient ancient recipes. However, reconstruction of ancient recipes can not be done without the possibility of extracting the ISC. Previously, we successfully extracted the ISC degradation product, soluble collagen (SC), from the ancient bone for the first time by gel chromatography and found that the C and N stable isotope ratios of SC and ISC are similar and can be applied to ancient Recipe research. In order to further explore the mechanism of the stable isotope similarity between the two samples, we selected more ancient samples and carried out the elemental content, stable isotope value and amino acid composition analysis of SC and ISC. The results show that the total amino acid composition of SC and ISC, in full compliance with the characteristics of type I collagen. In addition, the eight essential amino acids of SC and ISC are very close and have a variation range of only 0.25% (n = 3); while the 11 kinds of semi-essential amino acids and nonessential amino acids change slightly (0.90%, n = 3). Obviously, a little difference in the content of amino acids of different nature is the main reason that the stable and stable isotopes of the two proteins C and N are similar.