2015年广州市某小学内大气PM2.5与部分重金属元素质量浓度的关系

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目的了解2015年广州市某小学内大气PM2.5与部分重金属铅(Pb)、铝(Al)、镉(Cd)、砷(As)质量浓度的变化关系。方法选择城区某小学内为采样点,采用石英纤维和玻璃纤维滤膜称重法于2015年每月10-16日在15 m高的楼面进行大气PM2.5采样,连续采样7 d,每次采样时间为24 h,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测金属元素Pb、Al、Cd、As质量浓度。分析PM2.5与部分重金属质量浓度关系。结果 2015年PM2.5浓度平均值为(69.0±40.6)μg/m~3,重金属平均质量浓度大小依次为Al>Pb>As>Cd,分别为(156.53±73.78)ng/m~3、(59.05±43.47)ng/m~3、(10.13±7.03)ng/m~3、(1.75±1.31)ng/m~3;空气PM2.5浓度及As、Cd、Al质量浓度峰值均出现在2月,分别为(154.4±50.7)μg/m~3、(17.82±12.60)ng/m~3、(3.58±1.85)ng/m~3、(237.13±93.33)ng/m~3;Pb质量浓度峰值出现在1月,为(129.13±53.65)ng/m~3;Pb、Al、Cd、As质量浓度均与PM2.5浓度呈正相关关系(r=0.609 1、0.588 0、0.638 0、0.464 6,P<0.05);单变量和多变量线性回归模型表明,Pb、Al、Cd、As质量浓度均与PM2.5浓度密切关联(P<0.05)。结论广州市城区某小学内大气2015年PM2.5年平均污染浓度超过《环境空气质量标准》(GB 3095-2012)二类区浓度限值二级标准,Pb、Al、Cd、As质量浓度均与PM2.5浓度密切关联。 Objective To understand the relationship between atmospheric PM2.5 concentration and some heavy metal concentrations of lead, aluminum, cadmium and arsenic in a primary school in Guangzhou in 2015. Methods The samples were collected from a primary school in the urban area using quartz fiber and glass fiber membrane filtration method. Atmospheric PM2.5 was sampled on a 15-m-high floor every month from January 10 to January 2015, and continuously sampled for 7 days. The sampling time was 24 h, and the concentrations of Pb, Al, Cd, As were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Analyze the relationship between PM2.5 and some heavy metal concentrations. Results The average concentration of PM2.5 in 2015 was (69.0 ± 40.6) μg / m ~ 3, and the average concentrations of heavy metals were Al> Pb> As> Cd in the order of (156.53 ± 73.78) ng / 59.05 ± 43.47 ng / m ~ 3, (10.13 ± 7.03) ng / m ~ 3 and (1.75 ± 1.31) ng / m ~ 3 respectively. The concentrations of air PM2.5 and As, Cd and Al peaks at 2 (154.4 ± 50.7) μg / m 3, (17.82 ± 12.60) ng / m 3, (3.58 ± 1.85) ng / m 3, and (237.13 ± 93.33) ng / (129.13 ± 53.65) ng / m ~ 3. The concentrations of Pb, Al, Cd and As were positively correlated with the concentrations of PM2.5 (r = 0.609 1, 0.588 0, 0.638 0, 0.464 6, P <0.05). The univariate and multivariate linear regression models showed that the concentrations of Pb, Al, Cd and As were closely related to the concentrations of PM2.5 (P <0.05). Conclusions The average annual NP2 concentration of atmospheric in a primary school in Guangzhou city in 2015 exceeded the second-level standard of concentration limit of Class II of the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-2012), the concentrations of Pb, Al, Cd and As Closely related to PM2.5 concentration.
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