余秋雨说过,文学作品大多是“半透明的双层结构”。一层是显性的文本信息,一层是隐性的文本内蕴。郁达夫的散文《故都的秋》,描写了故都北平清秋的风物景致,“抒发了向往、眷恋故都之秋的真情,流露出深远的落寞和悲凉感”。这也许是文本层面上的理解。欣赏文学作品,需要“知人 Yu Qiuyu said most literary works are “translucent double-layered structure.” A layer of explicit text information, a layer of implicit textual implications. Yu Dafu’s essay “The Autumn of the Old Capital” describes the landscape of the ancient capital of Peiping in Qing Dynasty. “Expressing the longing for the fall of the ancient capital, expressing the lonely sense of loneliness and sadness.” This may be text level understanding. Appreciating literary works, you need to "know people