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目的评估超声波声学特性、结石表面形貌及机器设置条件在闪烁伪像形成中的价值。方法应用砂纸及泌尿系结石分别构建体外实验模型,砂纸模型中通过调节IU22声学功率参数(包括机械指数及声波入射角度)改变超声波特性,结石模型分别按照表面粗糙度差异进行结石分组(包括粗糙组,中度粗糙组与光滑组),然后选取两种不同机器设置条件(默认设置与优化设置)进行闪烁伪像成像,应用配对t检验分析比较砂纸模型中垂直辐射组与斜方辐射组闪烁伪像差异;应用重复测量设计的方差分析比较结石模型中不同机器设置条件下不同表面粗糙度结石组间闪烁伪像强度差异;通过线性回归分析分别对砂纸模型中机械指数、结石模型中不同结石粗糙度与闪烁伪像强度之间进行相关性分析。结果在砂纸模型中,机械指数与闪烁伪像强度存在显著正相关(r=0.938,P<0.001),斜方辐射组闪烁伪像强度较垂直辐射组明显减弱(P<0.05);泌尿系结石模型中,不同表面粗糙度泌尿系结石的闪烁伪像强度组间差异有统计学意义且其两个影响因素(表面粗糙度与机器设置条件)存在交互作用(P<0.001),相同表面粗糙度的泌尿系结石中的闪烁伪像强度在机器优化设置条件下均明显强于默认设置条件(P<0.001),而在相同机器设置条件下不同组间结石闪烁伪像强度与其表面粗糙程度呈明显正相关(r默认设置条件=0.80,r优化设置条件=0.83,P<0.001)。结论砂纸模型及泌尿系结石模型均显示闪烁伪像形成受超声波声学特性、结石表面粗糙度及机器设置条件的共同影响,了解各种相关因素的作用可提升其临床应用价值。
Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasonic acoustics, stone surface morphology and machine setting conditions in the formation of flickering artifacts. Methods Sandpaper and urinary calculi were used to construct experimental models in vitro. The acoustic parameters of IU22 (including mechanical index and acoustic incident angle) were changed in the sandpaper model to change the ultrasonic characteristics. The stones were grouped according to the difference of surface roughness , Moderately rough group and smooth group), and then selected two different machine settings (default settings and optimization settings) flickering artifact imaging, the application of paired t-test analysis and comparison of the sandpaper model vertical radiation group and oblique radiation group fake pseudo The difference of flicker artifacts among different surface roughness stones under different machine settings in the stone model was compared by means of analysis of variance (ANOVA) of repeated measurement design. By means of linear regression analysis, the mechanical indexes and different stone roughness Correlation analysis between degree and flickering artifact intensity. Results In the sandpaper model, there was a significant positive correlation between the mechanical index and the flickering artifact intensity (r = 0.938, P <0.001). The flickering artifact intensity in the oblique radiation group was significantly weaker than that in the vertical radiation group (P <0.05) In the model, the flicker artifact intensity of urinary calculi with different surface roughness was significantly different between the two groups (P <0.001), and the interaction between the two influencing factors (surface roughness and machine setting conditions) (P <0.001). The same surface roughness (P <0.001) under the optimal machine setting conditions, whereas the intensity of the flickering artifacts and the surface roughness of the stones in different groups under the same machine setting conditions were significantly Positive correlation (r default setting condition = 0.80, r optimization setting condition = 0.83, P <0.001). Conclusion Both the sandpaper model and the urinary calculi model show that the formation of flickering artifacts is affected by ultrasonic acoustics, the surface roughness of the stone and the setting conditions of the machine. Understanding the effects of various related factors can enhance its clinical value.