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目的通过调查云南省不明原因猝死发病的主要特征,为探明35个村不明原因猝死的危险因素提供依据。方法采用1∶3配比病例对照研究方法,选择35个发病自然村和105个对照村,调查人口、水源、矿场、周围环境等因素。结果70.0%的病例自然村年人均收入处于相对贫困线以下,36.7%处于绝对贫困线以下;病例自然村和对照村与乡医院的平均距离为13.6和11.7 km;自然村周围有矿场(OR=4.18,95%CI=1.05~16.64)和与乡医院距离远(OR=1.25,95%CI=1.05~1.49)的地区发生不明原因猝死的危险增加。结论远离城镇、交通不便、居民生活水平低下、卫生条件差等可能是不明原因猝死发生的背景因素,而与自然村周围的地质环境的关系可能更为密切。
Objective To investigate the main features of the sudden death in unknown causes in Yunnan Province and provide the evidence for identifying the risk factors of sudden death in 35 villages. Methods The 1: 3 matched case-control study method was used to select 35 morbid natural villages and 105 control villages to survey population, water sources, mines and the surrounding environment. Results In 70.0% of the cases, per capita income of natural villages was below the relative poverty line, 36.7% of them were below the absolute poverty line. The average distances between the cases of natural villages and control villages and township hospitals were 13.6 and 11.7 km. There were mines around the natural villages (OR = 4.18, 95% CI = 1.05-16.64) and rural hospitals (OR = 1.25,95% CI = 1.05-1.49) increased the risk of sudden death from unexplained sudden death. CONCLUSION: Far away from cities and towns, inconvenient transportation, low living standards and poor sanitary conditions may be the background factors of sudden death without any cause and may be more closely related to the geological environment around natural villages.