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“查玛”乐舞是藏传佛教在蒙古地区流传过程中形成的一种宗教乐舞。它存在于佛教法会活动中,具有宏大的表演阵容与仪式性的文化内涵。本文的研究主要着眼于这一宗教乐舞的历史沿革与独特的仪式性特征这两个问题展开论述。为使思考能够更加全面与深入,在行文中首先梳理了“查玛”乐舞的由来,考察其与藏传佛教之间的各种渊源关系;其次,分析了“查玛”乐舞发展源流与其仪式性特征之间的关系问题。以历史史实为依据,思考仪式特性在“查玛”乐舞发展变迁中的多重表现与重要地位;此外,研究了这一舞种在宗教仪式语境中的乐队构成、表演阵容、音乐特性等方面的外化表现与特征层面;文章的最后,着重剖析了“查玛”乐舞隐性的仪式性文化内涵,更为明确的提炼与揭示其特殊的宗教服务功能与意义价值。
“Chama ” music and dance is a religious music and dance formed during the spread of Tibetan Buddhism in Mongolia. It exists in Buddhist Dharma activities with a grand performance lineup and ceremonial cultural connotations. The research of this paper mainly focuses on the two issues of the historical evolution of the religious music and dance and the unique ritual features. In order to make the thinking be more comprehensive and in-depth, the author first combs the origin of “Chama ” music and dance and examines the various origins and relations between it and Tibetan Buddhism. Secondly, it analyzes the “Chama ” music and dance The relationship between the source of development and its ceremonial characteristics. On the basis of historical facts, we consider the multiple manifestations and important position of ritual features in the development and changes of music and dance. In addition, we study the band composition, performance lineup and music features of this dance in the context of religious ceremonies. And so on. At the end of the article, we focus on the analysis of the implicit ritual cultural connotation of “Chama ” music dance, and more specifically the function and value of the special religious service.