先秦文学是中国文化还呈现一种混沌状态下的文学,敦煌文学以民间应用文学为主,属于原生态文学。先秦文学与敦煌文学共同的特点是:以口耳相传为其主要传播方式,以集体移时创作为其创作特征,以仪式讲诵为其主要生存形态。本文通过对先秦文学和敦煌文学的研究和比较,认为文学起源于各种社会仪式。仪式是人类社会生活高度集中的体现形式。 Pre-Qin literature is Chinese culture also presents a state of chaos under the literature, Dunhuang literature based on the application of folk literature, belong to the original ecological literature. The common characteristic of pre-Qin literature and Dunhuang literature is that word-ear transmission is its main mode of communication, collective shift-time creation is its creative feature, and ritual chanting is its main living form. Through the study and comparison of Pre-Qin literature and Dunhuang literature, this paper argues that literature originated from various social rites. Rituals are a manifestation of the high concentration of human social life.