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随着现代科学技术日新月异的发展和全球经典一体化的进程加快,国际航运业也正由集装箱化时代向多式联运和综合物流时代转变,船公司经营规模不断扩大,逐渐朝集团化,多角化经营的全球承运人方向发展,集装箱船舶的大型化和全球战略联营体已成为领导国际航运潮流的两大趋势。经济贸易与航运的发展使得港口在全球运输系统中的地位和作用也正在发生变化。变化中的现代港口日益成为全球综合运输网络的神经中枢,其功能也逐渐从原来的海陆中转发展成为促进经济发展和服务于国际贸易的综合物流中心。一、现代科技与全球经济一体化对于现代港口发展的影响1.高新技术的日新月异已对现代港口的经营管理产生了重要影响。现代高科技在港口中的体现,具体为运输方式的现代化,港口装卸工艺合理化,港口装卸机械设备自动化和电气化。作为全球综合运输系统的节点,港口的效率、服务水平及可靠性是非常关键的因素。而现代技术,尤其是现代EDI信息技术与自动化技术可为港口物流过程提供良好的控制与管理,使其更好地成为前沿与后方腹地联系的中枢。另一方面,港口作为国际物流链中的技术节点,是船舶、航海、内陆运输、通讯、经营技术革新的会聚点,现代科技的发展正使港口日益成为全球综合运输网络的神经中枢,信息的“桌到桌”（
With the rapid development of modern science and technology and the accelerating process of global classical integration, the international shipping industry is also shifting from the era of containerization to the multimodal transport and integrated logistics. The scale of operation of shipping companies is constantly expanding. The shipping companies are gradually moving towards collectivization and diversification The global carriers operating in the direction of development, the enlargement of container ships and the global strategic alliance have become the two major trends leading the international shipping trend. The development of economy, trade and shipping has also changed the position and role of the port in the global transport system. Changing modern ports are increasingly becoming the nerve centers of the global integrated transport network and their functions are gradually being transited from original land and sea to integrated logistics centers that promote economic development and serve international trade. I. The Impact of Modern Science and Technology and Global Economic Integration on the Development of Modern Ports 1. The rapid development of high technology has had a significant impact on the operation and management of modern ports. The modern high-tech embodied in the port, specifically for the modernization of transport, port handling rationalization, port handling machinery and equipment automation and electrification. As a node of the global integrated transport system, port efficiency, service level and reliability are the key factors. Modern technology, especially modern EDI information technology and automation technology, can provide good control and management of the port logistics process and make it a better hub for the frontier and rear hinterland. On the other hand, as a technology node in the international logistics chain, the port is a convergence point for shipbuilding, marine navigation, inland transportation, communications and technological innovation. The development of modern science and technology is making the port increasingly become the nerve center of the global integrated transport network. Table-to-table