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结核病治疗和防治是全球性公共卫生问题，治疗中抗结核药物的不规范使用，加上患者的依从性差，造成了结核菌耐药率不断增高，成为目前治疗上的难题之一。结核菌耐药有多种原因，其中异质性是结核菌耐药的一个微小变化过程。临床检验中由于常规方法的局限性无法检测频率过低的菌株而造成耐药结果的偏差，出现了同一标本不同方法药敏试验结果不一致的现象，提示结核分枝杆菌的异质性对药敏结果有影响。“,”Tuberculosis ( TB ) treatment and prevention is a global public health problem , due to the irregular use of anti-TB drugs,plus poor compliance of the patients,TB drug resistance is increasing continu-ously,and has become one of the difficulties in clinical.There are many causes of TB drug resistance,and heterogenicity is a small change process, where clinical testing cannot detect low frequency drug-resistant strains because of the limitations of conventional methods,resulting in inconsistent results of the same speci-men by different tests,which indicates heterogeneity influences on the drug sensitivity test .